t final. This decision brought, to the courts, a wave of cases that desired revision. Each case helped form the implications that would be used to approve or disprove Batson in future cases. Peremptory challenges racially motivated cannot be raised for the first time on appeal (Hamilton v. Georgia 351 S.E.2d 705 [Ga.App. 1986]). Objections to the prosecutions peremptory challenges must be raised at trial (Bowden v. Kemp 793 F.2d 273 [Fth Cir. 1986], United States v. Erwin 793 F.2d 656 [11th Cir. 1986]). Objections must be raised before the jury is sworn in (People v. Ortega 156 Cal. App.3d. 63[1984]). Also, if one black juror is removed even though other black jurors were accepted, as long as it was racially motivated Batson is applicable (United States v. David 803 F.2d 1567[11th Cir. 1986]). Some court decisions resulted in prima facie cases. Latin for at first look, or on its face, prima facie refers to a lawsuit or criminal prosecution in which the evidence before trial is sufficient to prove the case unless there is substantial contradictory evidence presented at trial (www.dictionary.law.com). New Jersey v. Gilmore, 511 A.2d 1150 (N.J. 1986) ruled that a prosecutors inconsistent explanations, although he said he dismissed two black women because he did not want jurors with maternal instincts, he accepted white mothers, is cause for a prima facie. Reasoning based on intuitions or gut feelings in excluding jurors may constitute impermissible group biases (Commonwealth v. McCormick 519 A.2d 442 (Pa. 1986). There were also cases that tried for a prima facie but did not succeed. All blacks were dismissed from the jury, but no racial issue was raised because the killing involved a black defendant and a black victim and a black witness (Commonwealth v. McKendrick 514 A.2d 144 (Pa.1986). When there is sufficient bases for striking black jurors, for example, one was acquainted with a witness, a second had a brother and sister co...
