ternative theory offers different features of the same topic. Contrary to the functionalist perspective, conflict theorists, such as Darendorf, seek to examine the notion of society in terms of a composure of groups that have fundamentally different and conflicting interests.(Ritzer 1988) However, both perspectives share the use of a model of society as a whole and therefore adopt a structural approach. Despite theoretical debates within the conflict perspective, an important feature of their 'social system' is the assertion that conflict does exist. Parsons' and functionalists in general, more or less saw society as harmonious integrated wholes. (Wallace et al 1999)Darendorf, also refers to the concept of a 'system'. However, he does not see such a system to be in 'equilibrium'.(Ritzer 1988) From an integrative perspective, that is, stemming from Marx and Webber, Darendorf argued that conflicts were no longer based on economic division. Instead, he saw conflict as being concerned with power and authority.(Ritzer 1988) While Parsons' saw society as being manifested by value consensus, Dahrendorf saw society's interests as divided. Such a division highlights a feature of Dahrendorf's social system. (Haralambos et al 1996)Dahrendorf suggested that the existence of dominant and subordinate positions within 'associations' or organisations, produces a situation in which individuals have different interests.(Craib 1992), those individuals in positions of dominance will seek to maintain the social structure that gives them more authority than others. On the other hand, those in the positions of subordination will seek to change those aspects of the social structure that deprive them of authority. Such a conflict of interests is evident in all aspects of society. (Collins 1988) Therefore there are many potential groups or 'quasi-groups’ which could be in conflict with each other, while other groups may join together to pursue their common...
