ecropper or getting a loan from the local credit union. (p.152-153)Almost everywhere women's negligible rights to land make it extremely difficult for them to gian credit ontheir own. In many instances, women are not permitted to participate in the cooperatives that often control credit as well as transport and marketing. Nor do wives have the right to to receive the income from cash crops. (p.154) Hence, one can conclude that the Ibo women's rights to land since the colonial era has become worse than before.In Marlise Simon's article "African Women in France BattlingPloygamy," on can notice that the tradition of having more than one woman as wife has lasted. There is a widespread practice of polygamy in France; The only difference is that these Africans immigrants, who brought this custom, are Muslims. "In Paris area alone, it is estimated that 200,000 people live in polygamous families." Simons says that African women in France are fighting the tradition ; they rebel against the phenomenon and their husband's abuse. He also adds theat " The Interior Ministry has already said it will not give a residence permit to more than one wife." In any event, Polygamy has not restricted in the African society, and there is a long way until it will be enforced.In general, the colonial period has worsened the position of most women, whether in daily life or work. They were more manipulated than before. When husbands and brothers had to leave home on forced labor, or as migants seeking the money to pay tax and to buy useful things as farming tools, wives and sisters were left with more work than before: in gardens, in the fields, in the home. Through all the long social crisis of the Great Depression and the Second World War, women had to bear the heaviest burdens of poverty and oppersion. These burdens, for example, are depicted in Emecheta's Joys of Motherhood.Gross inequalities between men and women have generally prevailed. However, some progres...
