atisfy an end, as opposed to being an end in itself. Which according toMarx is what labor should be for the species being that is humanity. Due to the fact that the production process is alien to the worker, theproduct of this process is also alien to the worker. The object that theycreate, that they put their labor and time into, does not belong to them, butrather belongs to another human being. Thirdly, humans are also estranged from themselves in this process. They arenot developing themselves and instead are using their most basic functions ameans to an end, as opposed to an end in itself. Humans are naturallycreative beings and this creative process becomes something that controlsthem. People must work to eat, instead of working because producing iswhat is the species being of nature. This alienation goes further becausethe physical sustenance of humans becomes an end in itself, as opposed to ameans to an end. People are limited to their most base animal functions.Also because people are in competition with each other, they see each othersolely as objects that are in the way of them earning a livelihood. Thesocial nature of people is then limited because interactions aren't for thesake of interacting, but rather are a means. This leads to the last form of alienation. The alienation of peoplefrom each other. If the object of production doesn't belong to the worker,then it can only belong to another human being. Furthermore the workersells their labor power to another human being. The act of productiontherefore is not an act of free will, but rather a means to obtain survivalfrom another human being. Workers are also alienated from each otherbecause they compete against each other to get a job. This is the general idea of the four types of alienation. For Marx the constantstruggle between the capitalist (bourgeoisie ) and the worker (proletariat) is thehistory of alienation. Out of this alienation is the reason why laborers (proleta...
