nd the spine was not human like. The VIP model dummy was made to be more like a human and to provide more accurate and helpful information in automotive testing. The very first standard automotive crash test dummies were the VIP-50A. It was completed and shipped in early 1968. Research in making the Sierra Stan, another dummy produced to meet the needs of the automotive industry, started in 1967. It was an adult, 50th percentile male dummy. In making changes to the VIP-50A, the VIP95 and the VIPF5 model dummies were made in 1970. The VIP95 model is a large adult male dummy and the VIPF5 is a small female dummy. These two models are still used by some auto manufactures to test seat belts. Also in 1970, other Sierra models were created. Sierra Susie was an adult 5th percentile female dummy, weighting 104 pounds and was 30.9 inches high when seated. This dummy had the most human like appearance to that date, she wore a realistic wig. Sierra Sammy, a six year old, and Sierra Toddler, a three year old, were made. In appearance they looked correct, but neither model was built to the right weight distribution. This threw off the accuracy of test results. Another attempt at child dummies was made in 1971. The VIP3C and the VIP6C, a 50th percentile three year old and a 50th percentile six year old, were developed. The immaturity of a childs skeleton was taken into consideration when making these two models. The spine was made of rubber column constructions. Because the dummies werent very human like, their use was limited. But it was the first good attempt in making child test dummies. Many new developments were made in 1972 regarding test dummies. The Hybrid II, a 50th percentile adult male was made to help test seat belts in cars. This model had a human like exterior shape, body weight and some realistic joint movements. Some main features in this model included its good repeatability, durability and serviceability. The Supermorophic Dummy, w...
