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Information Technology general means the acquisition, processing, storage, and dissemination of massive information by aid of computers or by telecommunication devices while the processed data can be ranged from vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical, etc. As a result, the company can benefits with high speed and more accurate processing of information for administrative and control purposes. Furthermore, Computers are often grouped into local or wide area network for communication among themselves, for example, the “Internet” and the “Intranet”; this allows data to be transmitted from one place to another during the course of routine business activities. On the other hand, Information technology does not solely means the use of computers because it is made up of many other components. It includes a variety of processes and techniques which may be as common as databases, word processing, spreadsheets, telecommunications, and electronic mail (e-mail). Established in 1980, Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited has been famous in the Electronic industry locally and internationally for its’ precision skills and loyalty towards its’ customers. Located in Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong, we are currently employing over 600 staffs; they include Management and Administration officers, engineers, technicians, production operators and security guards, etc. The parent company of Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited is Possehl BESI Electronics N.V. in the Netherlands. It is a joint venture between L. Possehl & Company mbH of Germany (50%), GHL Industries of Asia (25%) and BE Semiconductor Industries of Amsterdam in the Netherlands (25%). This combination has created a company that has been one of the top 10 players in the high-tech electronic semiconductor packaging and equipment sector in the world. In fact, it is the largest non-Japanese supplier in this field since 1992. In addition to the major shareholder, L. Possehl & Company mbH, it was originally the L. Possehl & Company mbH. Possehl’s iron, plate, coal, trade and haulage company founded by Mr. Ludwig Possehl on May 1, 1847. Toady, after 153 years, the Possehl Foundation has become the sole proprietor of the L. Possehl & Company mbH. It consists for a wide vista of corporate reasoning and activities with over 50 companies all over the world; they can be distinguished into seven main divisions that include: · Non-Ferrous & Precious Metals Production Division Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited is one of the sub-companies that fall into the Electronics Division, which shares advanced technological techniques, exchange resources and provide training at different location to standardize a one company practice code. Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited produce mainly two kind of products, one of them is semiconductor packaging, technically known as punched and etched, high-precision components, such as leadframes, contacts, punched parts, components & subassemblies that are intend to be consumed by the electronic industry. Leadframes are manufactured from strip metal by means of stamping or etching, and microchips are then mounted on each of these leadframes. The thickness of each frame is no thinner that 0.1 mm. These carriers are vital for turning chip sets into state-of-art electronic components that will later be installed into computers, mobile phones or missiles. Special required finishing are also available upon request, for example, electroplating full-face and spot technology leadframes or making endless plug-in connectors that can be as small as 0.07mm in width for special purposes. Other than the semiconductor packaging, Machineries and tools that manufacture leadframes and assemble semiconductors are another major business at Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited. We have not only the capability to produce top quality products but we can also help others to set up their own workshop, some of the most common machine categories are laser bonding machines, special machines for further leadframes processing, machines for producing and processing leadframes, and high-performance punching tools such as special tools parts and jigs. However, a list Customer’s requirement is essential when purchasing machines and tools since many of them are tailor made for special operations. Since Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited is an ISO-9000 qualified manufacturer; all products are shipped with our quality control inspector approval by random and are backed by a replacement guarantee. Our major customer groups are targeted mainly in the semiconductor industry, electronics industry, electrical engineering, and plastic industry. In fact, companies like SGS Thomson, Motorola, Siemens, and Philips have been some of our strategic customers for decades and we have proved to be a reliable source in semiconductor packaging. As a subsidiary of Possehl BESI Electronic N.V., we share the same mission in Hong Kong as follow: Provide the best quality leadframes with reasonable prices to new and old customers. Enhance our technology by setting up a new Research & Development (R&D) Center in Hong Kong Aid our customers the best we could. Well train our staffs in order to face new challenge in the years ahead. First of all, we understand that the demand for leadframes in the Chinese electronic market is growing rapidly. Now a day, investing in production facilities is not less important than to master our production knowledge. Therefore, a new R&D center will be set up soon in Hong Kong. We plan this not only to master extra knowledge in leadframe production but to increase volume by 2 times within next year but at lower production cost to make us most competitive in the market. On the other hand, “First-class expertise - International too!” this is a Possehl slogan that shows great emphasis on competent training towards our staffs. In conjunction in-house training courses, we develop further and advanced training schemes for our employees as well as training courses and seminars for our customers. Consequently, as there is an upward demand in electronic consumer product, it is without doubt that the demand for leadframes will continue to climb. In addition, being part of a giant company that has set foundations in almost all industrialized countries. We foresee a bright future in the Electronic as well as the L. Possehl & Co mbH. The objective of this project is to ensure the good system of massive information exchange in order to handle daily communications between departments internally. We also expect the following: · Faster and more accurate data flow and storage · Better the communication services to customers and suppliers · Reduce the manufacturing lead time · Reduce the loss of the time in manual work First, we expect direct enhancements towards the following target to be the benefit of installing an Information System: · Net profits will be doubled within 2 years. · Reduce production lead-time by 30% within 2 years. · Successfully acquire ISO 14000 standard in 2003. The business current problem seems to be the cost of the file transfer. Since commence of the Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited, we have been relied on express courier to transfer us with the product drawing, instructions for procedures, and quality menus, etc. We expect the system to transfer the entire document of the above stated to any office around the world with a click of a second. We also expect our staffs to use e-mails as the major communication in the future because it is cheap and it provide evidence when misunderstanding occurs. 2.1 - STRUCTURED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF THE COMPANY Our structured approach to the design of an information system for Possehl BESI will emphasize in solving problem without technical constraints. In fact, a logical/conceptual model of a system is constructed specifying the requirements to achieve desired information flows and outputs (see ATTACHMENT 1). Eventually, these logical needs will match the equipment during the physical design stage of system development. In addition, this is a data-driven top-down structured approach. This approach recognizes that all applications have a data structure that will not change much over time: provided that apart from routine amendments to data stored in file or database, it will not affect the overall performance. Many times when a logical model of the data flows is constructed and processes applied for transformation into system outputs. An efficient system development methodology is vital because it will reduce the risk of wasting resources on systems development, increases the productivity of development staff by providing a standard method of developing each project, and provides the right tools and techniques for analyzing and designing various elements of the system. The structured system terms analysis and design method includes review procedures to enable errors to be identified and eliminated before system implementation. On the other hand, since most information systems are concerned with building data structures on conventional files or databases, accessing and extracting data from files and updating the file. We strongly suggest the checking of system’s logic during the analysis and design phases, instead of discovering them during the later stages of writing program specifications, program writing, program testing or during live running. As experience has told us that the both the opportunity cost and the switching cost is far smaller if we can locate the problem in the design phase. We also suggest that a proprietary system of structured methodology that covers physical system design, including definitions of files or databases, programs and computer runs, resource usage estimation and optimization in order to safe guard a success system construction. 3.0.2 – PROJECT OWNER/ SPONSOR The Managing Director is the head of the company; his responsibilities include making final decisions of all policy and regulations. He should have full knowledge of all the processes running inside his company. This means that everyone in the steering committee should report to him about the project process as well as critical issues for his approval. Besides, there is information in curtain departments that are classified as confidential. Therefore direct participation of the top management is essential. In many case when a system has to be implemented into the company, a “top-down” co-operation has always been proven to be the key to success. Each members in the steering committee is responsible for operation within his department. In fact, he is also responsible for tailoring the suitable database for his department. Therefore, it is important to set guideline when planning an information technology scheme for each department. Sales Department uses Databases to stores customers information as well as their purchase history. A useful database, not only, can speed up the process of document preparation, it also help to analysis the sales statistics that helps the Marketing Department to forecast the future planning. In fact, it is possible that they can receive purchase orders electronically if all technical issues are settled. Marketing Manager requires analyzed data for a precise market forecast. Through an internal database, the Marketing Manager will be able to generate a detail historic sales report for any given period instantly. All business entities require all financial accounting activities including the recording of transactions in proper books of account. However, in this modern technological age, 'proper books of account' may consist of many piles of computer printouts in loose leaf form. Hence, the focal point of a financial accounting system has become the nominal ledger, it records all types of transactions relating to sales, purchases stocks and other assets like buildings, plant, machinery, or cash, etc. As a result, accounting reports such as balance sheets, trading accounts and profit and loss accounts are prepared from the details in the nominal ledger. On the other hand, internal audit procedures are another important part of financial accounting system. One should always be alert with the possibility that Information Technology can easily become the tools of criminal tools. Therefore, it is important to ensure the integrity of authentic accounting data. 3.0.2.4 - Human Resource (HR) Manager Many believe that if the Managing Director is the head of the company, the HR will be the heart. This department administrates the allocation of all human resource activities in a business institute; these activities include recruitment, pension schemes administration, setting procedures for job grading, merit rating, and the promotion of personnel. Sometimes, HR department also controlled miscellanies item such as uniforms and stationeries. However, there are also many HR information that is confident, for example, the salary history and identity information of any employee. HR Manager should maintain alert when storing these information, access restriction should be applied. Standard Purchasing Systems require the procurement of the suppliers, purchase orders, as well as follow-up procedures to ensure that orders are received on time and to avoid loss of orders of hold-ups in production due to stock shortages. The purchasing function can also act as a stock administration control systems in order to avoid a build-up of excessive stocks. Engineering Department handles the working of all machines in Possehl BESI, it includes maintenances and the technical skill enhancement along the production process. Database should include the performance of each machine and a log of maintenance detail should be kept in order to maintain a high productivity. In addition, the department should contain information about the machines that can benefit the Production Department while planning production schedules. The systems required in production department are using some computer programs in production planning capacity planning, material requirement planning (MRP), machines allocations, allocation of operators, etc. We believe that there should be a strong link with the Engineering Department and the Inventory Department. It is because the data exchange between each of them are vital in order to maximize the production throughput; imagine a slow and time consume maintenance, shortage of materials, miscalculation of machine utilization will increase cost in a production. The system require to avoid stock shortages in order to avoid a loss of profit caused by an inability to fulfill a customer's order. A number of parameters control stock levels, including minimum (safety) stock level, maximum stock level and the level at which stocks should be replenished - the 'reorder level' and the 'reorder quantity'. All stock transactions are reordered on stock record. 3.0.2.9 - Quality Control (QC) Manager In this era, Quality Control plays an important role in production. Hence, the QC department has become more and more important in the company. The reason is because it will control the quality of the outgoing products will reduce the scrap and bad quality products. Thus, it will help the company in reducing the production cost and gain greater profit. Therefore, the system requires a well-organized quality control system such as statistical quality control, acceptance quality level, etc. Logistic Control has become a science after the rush of “Information Technology” in Hong Kong. Fortunately, logistic control in Possehl BESI is a simple one. It is because the supplier delivers the raw materials in a door-to-door basis and we only have to focus in our delivery schedule. Hence, a well recorded delivery log is sufficient to satisfy the need. Project Manager plays a liaison role between the decision making people and the working group. Since Information Technology science emphasis in user-friendly features. Therefore, a closed monitor in the non-commission staff adoption is vital in a system implementation phase. Depending on the exposure of the employee expose to the Information Technology environment, the company will not expect everyone to be an user representative. However, it is not because the company would like to restrict some particular employee from this reform. It is solely because the user representative will be chosen in a random basis from each department. In fact, they will share with the company their experience of adopting the information comprehension. Upon analyzing all their comment periodically, we will improve the Information Technology system in our company. Since the Information system is intend for corporate use, reliability is the key element when selecting the right software. In addition, software is the soul of a computer or a network system. There are basically 2 kinds of software: operating system (OS) and Application software. An OS plays an important role because no matter it is an entire platform to a mini workstation, each of them needs an OS to function. On the other hand, an application software can be a database, a word processing program, spreadsheets, a telecommunication program, or an electronic mail (e-mail) program. In short, an OS contains instructions which enables our equipment to function as a computer system; and application software, or programs, which instruct the system on how to perform a particular user-oriented task. As mentioned before in 2.1, “most information systems are concerned with building data structures on conventional files or databases, accessing and extracting data from files and updating the file.” A fast and steady system is profoundly suitable. The UNIX Operating system has been demonstrating powerful computing capabilities as well as system reliability. UNIX system training is simple and training cost and duration can be minimized. Moreover, an UNIX system can be install into almost all the devices using different operating system. Hence, it provides a convenient and consistent interface to the wide variety of peripheral devices such as printers, tapes, disks, terminal, etc. Suitable Applications enhance productivity. Therefore, it is important for us to source the right applications. Therefore, we must comprehend the unique task that a particular is acquired for. Judging by the uniqueness of each job description, we have divide 2 kinds of application software categories: Niche Programs and General Programs. Niche programs are tailor made program according to different requirement from different companies. Database is well suited in this category because there are different business cultures and secrets for different companies. Special attention is needed to enhance productivity. A third party programming house will supply the database. However, the database management will remain within the company. It is advised that company should use a Database Management System (DBMS) - relational database (Fig.1). Fig.1 - Database Management System (DBMS) - relational database The core components of a database management system are the data description module and a data manipulation module. The main function of the data description module is to analyze the data requirements of the applications program. Then, it will transfer a command to the data manipulation module to retrieves the need data elements from the database. The advantage of this system is to reduce the data redundancy and improve data integrity. Since the data will be stored independently, the company will be able to continue using this database even if we are switching to another database management system. The relational database model is ideal in this case because it is widely used and flexible. We observe no duplicated elements contained in the database, the attributes are unordered and their values are atomic. It means that they can be randomly inputted into the relations and no relationships have to be predefined. In addition, relational database allow the users to cross reference data without relying on a particular structure. The user does not have to be a programming staff to use the database query language, like “Structure Query Language” (SQL), in order to retrieve the data. Hence, the database query language is an interface between users and a database system and it is user friendly. An actual database will demonstrate the micro relationship between each attribute and value. It is because each invoice, quotation, or purchase order will project a relationship with one another and this will take a real expert to construct a user friendly platform for us. General program refers to programs that are suitable for almost everyone’s need. This includes word processing, e-mailing, and Intranet/ Internet browsing. No special attention will be made to these programs but such programs will be preinstalled in all workstations. Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited remains a full support in the utilization of authentic software within our premises. In fact, the local law prohibits any business entity and individual who uses illegal software. If anyone operates illegal software within the premises of the company, he/ she will be report to the local authority immediately without excuse. 5.0 - Hardware/ Communication technology/ system software 5.1.1 – Central Host Computers Minicomputers that connect to a server will be used as a central host computer and they will be placed in the central office. Minimum CPU requirement: Pentium IV, 1GHz Minimum second storage: 100GB hard disk. Minicomputers that connect to the central host computer are workstations. They will be placed in all departments depending on actual demand. Minimum CPU requirement: Pentium II 400MHz Minimum second storage: 6GB hard disk. Backup processes are essential in an information system. It is because electronic device may malfunction without signs, and information may be lost or erase. Therefore, effective ways of preventing it from happening is the smartest solution. Magnetic Disk will be used as the backup media in the central office. Everyday, the backup procedure will be carry out during non office hours. On the other hand, all workstation users are suggest to backup their data individually. Therefore, we will place one Compact Disc Recorder (CDR) in each department. Keyboards and scanners will be our only means of input. Monitors and printers will be our only means of output. We estimate 3 additional central hosting computers, 20 workstations, 10 printers, and 10 CDR will be needed. That will add up to a total of 6 central hosting computers, 260 workstations, 100 printers, and 100 CDR for 600 employees working in Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited. Except the central hosting computers, all workstations are installed with the “Windows 2000” (Windows 2000 is a trademark of Microsoft Corp.) OS, and the LAN connection protocol are preinstalled. Therefore, compatibility is not a problem. Central hosting computers are equipped with UNIX OS and it is fully compatibility with the Window OS. On February 2001, the company has appointed a third party software company to re-assess and replace illegal software that installed into our computers. Again, Possehl BESI Electronic Hong Kong Limited remains full support in the utilization of authentic software. The company will apply Local Area Network (LAN) protocol as the basic communication infrastructure. The reasons why we choose LAN protocol is simply because of the following: · Sufficient Information exchange speed In addition, the star topology will be applied in this LAN network. It is because it is a reliable topology that uses a central switching node. All network nodes are connected bi-directionally. In order to transmit a packet, a network node will be sent to the central switch to determine a forwarding scheme. The simplest way is to broadcast the packet on its entire links and the packet will reach its destination by traveling along the way. However, if several nodes are transmitting simultaneously, the switch will decide which to transmit because only one transmission occurs at any period. Besides internal network will be setup in local company, we also want to share all the information with our sister company which located in China, Malysia, Singapore. Aisa Newort System is useful for market forecasting and also technical information sharing. Inside a company building, the transmission media is used Fiber Optics Cable to link all the system together for communication. The advantages of used Fiber Optics Cables are: · Immunity to electromagnetic interface A 128MB Lease Line has been install to provide best connection to our counterparts. The advantages of using 128MB Lease Line are: As a contingency plan, we also have modems installed in many computers. If the internal or external connection fails, it will maintain our data exchange capability to some extend. However, we may face a risk of information leakage if we happened to be bugged. A successful implementation of an integrated system can be summarized into two aspects: the technical aspect and the human aspect. The technical aspect of the Information system can be broken down into 3 phases. They are namely the network infrastructure phase, hardware & software testing phase, and network launch phase. On the other hand, the human aspect can be broken down into 2 phases, which are the training phase and the launch phase. The technical aspect can range from the broken equipment to 6.1.1 - NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE PHASE, Project monitoring and control procedures 6.1.2 – HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TESTING PHASE System technicians should make sure the existing hardware can support the new system The existing production may be affected due to system changing. All useful data must transfer to new system before implementation. Testing will be run through by inputting real production data. All tasks must be kept on time schedule. The new system will be reviewed every three months. Project manager should generate the new system report which compare with previous one after half a year. In order to confirm the reliability of the new system and also give practice to all users, testing schedule is set by project manager. Education or briefing for the new system can help all users having good image of the new system. The briefing should include A detail briefing for the objective of introducing new system will carried out to let all users feel the own the system Staffs did not have the ability to utilize the system functions that causes low efficiency and productivity. Under this circumstances, training courses should be provided to them and ensure they have a good knowledge in the data input to fully utilize the database functions while using the integrated system. We shall invite software companies or education institute to provide all of these training courses. This training course will be carried out before new system installation. On the other hand, because the company is investing in the design staffs, it is essential to express our needs of their continue service at our company after the training course. Therefore, contract appointment packages, bonuses, and promotion schemes are suggested to enforce a positive working attitude in this career. Information technology likes a tool which can help us to get into success. However, this kind of technology changing all over the time and hard to catch up. We must choose the suitable one which can really fit on our business in stead of choosing the one with the highest technology. After detail analysing the business evironment, the above system should be the most fit to our case. The milestone will be set after three months and a deep system report will also be generated. 1. Map and Top Communication (Standards and Application) A.Valenzano * C.Demartini * L.Ciminiera 4. Computers and Information Systems 5. Business System and Information Technology Andrew Hopper * Steven Temple * Robin Williamson Bibliography: Word Count: 4696
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