chlorine-free. Softening plants are regenerated using either salt or acids. Activated carbon filters are normally used to remove free chlorine.Water consumption in breweries varies significantly. Many breweries have installed water reservoirs and use booster stations for local water supply. Athenian Brewery S.A uses its own supplies of water that are the same for all the beers that Heineken N.V produces. CO2 Recovery PlantThe CO2 generated during the fermentation process can be collected, cleaned, and then reused in the brewery. CO2 is necessary for carbonation and/or counter-pressure in tanks and bottles to prevent beer oxidation. Some breweries recover more CO2 than is needed for production, in which case the surplus can be sold.Some breweries use nitrogen instead of CO2 for counter-pressure in tanks and bottles.Compressed Air PlantCompressed air is mainly used for instruments, actuators, pressurising of tanks, and possibly the transport of spent grain.Electricity SupplyMost breweries use public sources of electricity. A few have their own co-generation plants, producing both electricity and heat.If the electricity supply is not stable, emergency generators may be used.Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP)The existence of a waste water treatment plant will depend on local discharge requirements and the costs of waste water treatment. Relevant waste water treatment technologies involve neutralisation and anaerobic or aerobic processes.WorkshopsThere may be a centralised workshop that machine-tools spare parts, maintains equipment and vehicles, etc. Or workshops may be located near various operations.Auxiliary Materials StorageStorage for auxiliary materials such as kieselguhr, glue, labels, etc. is ideally located near where the materials are used.Waste StorageSolid waste is normally collected in a solid waste area equipped with compartments or containers for each type of waste....
