The foregoing point has also been made by Nunez-Wormack (1989) who stated that America's economic future depends upon the ability of educators to keep minorities in school both at the high school and the college level. As she puts it:

Demographic trends indicate that the economy will be dependent on the contributions of minority workers who will comprise 60 percent of the labor force. (p.23)

When one considers that minorities do not comprise all of the college attrition but that rather attrition is also composed of a substantial number of white students (and that the baby-boom being over, student enrollment itself is decreasing), it can be seen that the development and implementation of effective retention programs are imperative. Thus, such programs w

Also, students were required to have a 2.0 grade point average in order to change majors. However, if students' grade point averages were below 2.0 and they were undeclared majors, the school made an effort to retain these students by allowing them to continue as undeclared majors under the auspices of a controlled counseling program. Aseltine and Albert concluded that the program was successful in lowering student attrition at the freshmen level.

Based on the foregoing findings, Boyd (1990) concluded that intervention by advisors in the form of a letter needed supplementation interventions (e.g. diagnostic and prescriptive interviews) if post-admission guidance in the form of a written letter was to be effective on a long-term basis. In other words, merely sending a letter was not effective.

Some colleges experience retention difficulties in the sense that they have difficulty attracting and keeping minority students in certain majors. Their retention programs, therefore, are aimed at meeting both objectives. One such program is the Health Science Recruitment and Retention Program at Florida International University. According to Himburg (1989), the recruitment component of the program involves t