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A discussion of code switching and borrowings with respect to Sindhi and English as well as Sindhi and other languages will be discussed. It should be noted that Bond and Lai (1986) have suggested that code switching and borrowing are linguistic phenomena that tend to occur as speakers of one language become more enmeshed or integrated into a culture in which another language predominates. Additionally, code switching and borrowing are commonplace when a language used cannot serve the speaker's communicative needs. Usually, the limited proficiency of one speaker in the other speaker's language necessitates the use of code switching and the reformulation and repetition of utterances (Jan, 2003). Sindhi is an Indo-European language. It is related to both Urdu and the languages of northern India (Sindhi language, 2004). Sindhi is not only spoken by over two million people in India, it is also spoken by about 17 million people in Pakistan and other Sindhis living in Oman, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The largest Sindhi-speaking city in the world is Hyderabad, Pakistan (Sindhi language, 2004). In Pakistan, Sindhi has any number of specific dialects, including Kachchi, Lari, Lasi, Thareli, Vicholo or Central Sindhi, Macharia, Dukslinu or Hindu Sindhi, and Sindhi Musalamani or Muslim Sindhi. It is classified as not only |
