Proceeding in the manner described above, the strategic planning mode within an organization would depend primarily upon (1) the specific tasks confronting a firm at a given point in time, (2) the character and structure of the firm's organization at a given point in time, and (3) the capabilities and preferences of the people within the firm at a given time. With such a perspective, objectives and goals would be determined subsequent to the development of strategy, as opposed to providing bases for strategy development (Kay, 1993). Nortel's mew technology is included in Hewlett-Packard PCs, servers, and other devices. Wireless users, therefore, will not be consciously aware of the technology that facilitates their access to corporate knowledge bases. With the Nortel "Wings of Light" technology present in networks and end-user devices simultaneously, users will be able to remain connected to information at all times, regardless of where the knowledge resides ù corporate intranets or ISP databases (Harvey, 2000). When technology is considered within the context of physical science, it is typically viewed as the application of physical science and engineering technology to human endeavors. This concept emphasizes device effects and procedures. When technology is conceptualized within the context of the behavioral sciences, it is viewed as the application of language and linguistics, communications, cybernetics, and psychometrics to human endeavors. The behavioral science concept of technology incorporates applications of engineering research (particularly human factors engineering), logistics related to the effective use of physical resources, and information science. Technology, thus, is the conscious invention of ways of acting on the material world to meet human needs (Miller, 1996). Nortel set out to change the company's new product development process by integrating a process-oriented knowledge management strategy into the company's strategic proces |
