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Its major committees are the Policy and Security Committee, the Special Political Committee, the Economic and Financial Committee, the Social, Humanitarian, and Cultural Committee, the Decolonization Committee, the Administrative and Budgetary Committee, and the Legal Committee. There are also half a dozen ôhousekeepingö committees, the International Civil Service Commission, and various auditing and financial advising committees, along with some 75 special committees, three major commissions, and more than 15 other international organizations, including UNICEF, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, and the World Food Council. The Security Council has primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security. It may identify and take steps to deal with threats to peace, including establishing U.N. peacekeeping forces. It has five permanent members with veto powers as established by the U.N. Charter (the USA, France, Britain, Russia, and China), and ten rotating members nominated by regional causes and elected by the General Assembly to two-year terms. Decisions on substantive matters require |
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The Economic and Social Council, operating under the authority of the General assembly, coordinates the economic and social work of the U.N. and its large family of specialized and affiliated institutions and INGOs. Its 54 members, 18 being elected each year to a three-year term by the General Assembly, meets in an annual plenary session that alternates between New York and Geneva. The major world organizations that report to the ECOSOC, or for whom ECOSOC serves as a coordinating body, include the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the International Labor Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the International Telecommunication Union, UNESCO, the U.N. Industrial Development Organization, the Universal Postal Union, the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the World Intellectual Property Organization, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. The Trusteeship Council consists of the five permanent members of the Security Council. In 1945 it had more members and administered eleven trust territories, but only one small gr |
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