Gibb, R. (2000). Post-Lome: The European Union and the south.áThird World Quarterly,á21(3),á457-481. This article presents an examination of the Lome Convention. Criticisms include that agencies such as the World Trade Organization have undermined Lome.

Grants, not loans, for the developing world?á(2001). The Lancet,á357(9249),á1. This article presented the criticism that efforts to provide debt relief to developing nations has contributed to health problems, in particular HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. It is criticized that export-oriented

Ovaska, T. (2003). The failure of development aid.áCato Journal,á23(2),á175-188. This article presents the notion that development aid to poor countries over the last 50 years has resulted in disappointing outcomes. A study of 86 developing countries presents findings that do not support this aid. Findings showed that international development aid from 1975 to 1998 did not help developing countries.

Putzel, J. (1998). The business of aid: Transparency and accountability in European Union development assistance.áThe Journal of Development Studies,á34(3),á71-96. This article presents an examination of international aid, p