ion of all industrial concerns and J p i s p collectivization of agriculture enterprises." (Keesing pg 6 ) By 1960s the Kombinate ˆ s $ ˆ $ r inst ( collective farming) accounted for 90% of all farm production. Not to say it was B r p succussful, private farmers who resisted was arrested. Their were even public executions 0 p p 0 in the Ukraine When production began to decline in the early 1960s. It became evident to H p j H East Germany that their " Planned Ecomony" had lost the economic battle with the 1 ` j ' ` capitalist West. x ' p x With the collapse of the Communism across Eastern Europe in 1989, East p l Germany quickly felt the impact. The Berlin wall which stood since Aug 13 , 1961 was l k torn down in Dec of 1989. Almost a year later on Oct 23, 1990 East and West Germany k g was unified once again. The capital was moved from Bonn back to Berlin, and Dr * g k Richard von Weizsacker was elected President with Dr Helmut Kohl as Chancellor. In k k 1991 Chancellor Kohl's new cabinet announced a 7.5% surcharge on income taxes which k p also increased the price of tobacco and oil. This was done to raise 46 billion DM to p j develop the east and fund increasing unemployment benefits. In Dec 1991 Germany ! 8 j i 8 agreed with the rest of Europe, that they needed to form a more unified economic * P i o P monetary union. Also in 1991 Germany contributed 5.5 billion dollars towards the United h o l h States cost in the Gulf War. It was unable to send troops outside of the NATO areas. ' € l p € Germany was criticized by Italy and England for its high interests rates in there banks. &#...
