ay a role, if only a minor role, on the psychoanalytic stage, but even the unconscious closely studied turns out to resemble nothing so much as a dissociated self" (3). As psychological views moved on, Calkins theory became dissolved and rather dated. However, in1937, Gordon Allport wrote Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. In this book he gave considerable credit and notoriety to Calkins' ideas and self-psychology. However, in the third revision of his book, he dropped all references to Calkins. Since then most of Calkins' ideas and much of her work has been "swept under the rug."WOMEN'S ISSUESAt the time in which Calkins was struggling to get her education, she faced many setbacks because she was a woman. These experiences shaped many of her views on women's rights and cultivated her into somewhat of an advocate. In the 1890s, for example, she challenged the work of a colleague, Joseph Jastrow. In his study, he asked college students, both male and female, to write down one hundred words as fast as possible. He found "that women repeat one another's words more than men" and "there is less variety among women than among men" (2). After analyzing these lists he concluded, "that the feminine traits revealed...are an attention to the immediate surroundings, to the finished product, to the ornamental, the individual, and the concrete; while the masculine preference is for the more remote, the constructive, the useful, the general, and the abstract" (2).Calkins was infuriated by his findings and responded that "if sufficiently extended, establish characteristic differences in the interests of men and women." However, she maintained that it was "futile and impossible to attempt a distinction between masculine and feminine intellect per-se...because of our entire inability to eliminate the effect of the environment" (6).Another area that she opposed differentiation was the right to vote. In an address to a National Suffrage Conventio...
