es. In contrast, the inner chaos of Macbeth causes him to be awake. His madness makes him dangerous. His inability to sleep causes his mind to grow more bloody and his rule over Scotland more treacherous. Macbeth's madness is characteristically masculine. In his madness he achieves the thickening of blood that Lady Macbeth wishes for. Macbeth becomes emboldened and more violent, he becomes more awake. In contrast, Lady Macbeth undergoes a feminine transformation as madness makes her sleep more docile. In her madness she becomes profoundly female, even adopting stereotypical female habits like washing and being concerned about the spots of blood. She becomes a docile creature who instead of being unsexed has been castrated of her aggression. The word sleep is manifested not only by Macbeth's inability to sleep but also in Lady Macbeth's benign existence at the end of the play. Darkness in our society is indicate of evil. For instance, a black cat, a dark night, and a dark place are all symbols of debauchery. Authors use these symbols to describe a evil character or setting. Shakespeare employs the imagery of darkness in Act 4 of his play Macbeth to describe the agents of disorder. The witches, Macbeth, and Scotland are all described as dark because they represent the agent of chaos. The witches in the first scene of Act 4 are depicted as agents of chaos because of the dark domain around them. The witches meet in a dark cave. The cave is an appropriate setting for the witches because caves tend to represent the underworld and hell, creating a feeling of evil. The witches appearance, " secret, black, and midnight hags" (IV.i.47) also indicates their evil nature. The witches dark meeting place and dark appearance all emphasize their destructive nature. Macbeth in Act 4: consulted with the witches, murdered Macduff's family, and continued to create chaos in Scotland. Macbeth in Act 4 is described as an agent of disorde...
