h. This reveals the essence of things. Aristotle carried reasoning further. He held that although our world of experiences is the real world, true knowledge consists of knowing the reasons or causes for things. To reach these causes man must follow certain laws of logic or true processes of thought. The pattern of true thought is the syllogism. In this, we move from a general principle to a particular. A very good example of such is just this"All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; Therefore Socrates is mortal''. He laid down the laws of the science of deductive logic. 3. What is the similarity in Galileo and Bacon's view?Both Galileo and Bacon believed in close observation of man's world in order to find true ideas. Galileo rejected authority and mystical speculation in science. He held that all ideas should rest upon ideas observation and experimentation. He built ideas out of observation, experiment, and thought. Scientists in the 16th and 17th centuries realized the importance of observation and experimentation and that any other authority should not determine man's thinking. This led to an increased confidence in the human mind to build its own ideas and thought patterns. Bacon suggested a method for receiving true impressions and making them into true ideas. He said that we have to clear the mind of all prejudices and false points of view. After man observes his world carefully, and collects data, they should be in the position to draw conclusions. Man must study all instances in which a factor appears, all factors that it doesn't, and those instances where it appears in a certain degree, in order to reach a justified conclusion. 4. How did Decartes establish truth?Descartes wanted to establish a basis for all truth. In order to do this, he reasoned that you must find a premise that could not be denied. He found this premise in Mathematics. This, to him, appeared to be the method all true knowledge could be obtained. One truth...
