st point of view concerning mind and matter. They suggested that matter was the source of evil and they disparaged the human mind. They wanted to elevate God to the place in the universe where they believed he should have. The human mind is a poor and inefficient instrument. It is full of mistakes and order. Man's conclusions that stem from his reason must conform to divine authority. The ultimate truths were the Church and its doctrines. The function of the mind was to create truth not to create it. Peter Abelard went against all of this tradition. He said that reason should precede faith. He believed the human mind should be free to question doctrines, but he was sure that they would ultimately find them to be true. Man was no longer detained by authority and began to challenge doctrine. Man will then begin to question things that were never questioned before. X. Ideas and Thinking1. What was Socrates' view? What is inductive and deductive logic?Socrates suggested that the problem of knowledge was key to all other problems. He wanted to discover a method for reaching true knowledge. With all the different thoughts in the world, Socrates wanted to find a common ground that could not be disputed. Logic is either inductive or deductive. Socrates used both of these methods. Induction consists of beginning with a fact and coming up with a general principle. Deduction starts with a general principle and shows its application to particular facts. Early thinkers used deduction and induction is used by modern science. 2. What is Plato and Aristotle's view? What is syllogism?Plato was one of the first philosophers to come up with an almost complete theory of knowledge. He agreed with Socrates that sense perception was not true knowledge. Man must go beyond the senses to come of with ideas not dependent on experiences. The soul comes into the world carrying true ideas. True knowledge is reached when the mind remembers what it knew before birt...
