h, 1997; Smith & LaBotz, 1998; Tan & Spector, 1998). Recently, a longer lasting beta agonist has been researched called salmeterol. The effects last up to 12 hours, and it must be taken 30-60 minutes prior to exercise, or as a chronic preventative medication for individuals with EIA (Enright, 1996; Randolph, 1997; Smith & LaBotz, 1998; Tan & Spector, 1998). Salmeterol is not approved by the US Olympics committee. Other commonly prescribed agents for the prevention and treatment of EIA include inhaled mast cell stabilizers, or antiinflammatories, such as cromolyn sodium and nedocromil. These are 70%-85% effective in individuals with EIA and result in bronchodilation for 1-2 hours (Randolph, 1997; Spector, 1993). Antiinflammatories, which inhibit bronchoconstriction, should be administered in 2-4 puffs, 15-30 minutes before exercise. Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil are not beta agonists, do not last as long, and are not as effective as beta agonists in the prevention of EIA. Nedocromil has also been known to have a foul taste, and, therefore, is not prescribed as often as other medications (Randolph, 1997; Smith & LaBotz, 1998). Antiinflammatories have been approved for use by the US Olympic Committee.Nonpharmacological prevention and treatment of EIA involves climate control, appropriate activity selection, refractory period considerations, and physical conditioning (Randolph, 1997; Smith & LaBotz, 1998; Spector, 1993). Cold, dry conditions are prime activators of bronchoconstriction, which leads to EIA. Avoiding these conditions or protecting against them is ideal. Different activities have variable ranges of asthmogenicity and their recognition will help prevent EIA. If an individual is known to experience a refractory period after an initial exercise challenge, it is suggested that this individual induce a refractory period during the performance of an activity. This refractory period can be induced by engaging in an init...
