umns -make it seem passive -disguises massiveness of masonryPalladio-greatest architect of later 16th century -second to Michelangelo -humanist and theoretician like Leone Battista Alberti -his buildings and theoretical writings brought him international status-architecture must be governed by reason and certain universal rules -firm faith in cosmic significance of numerical ratios like Alberti -Alberti didn't always practice but Palladio follow strictly -architecture is practical -design only what was sanctioned by ancient precedent -classicistic because he strived for classic qualities Villa Rotunda -square block surmounted by a dome-one of his finest buildings -ideal church that is completely symmetrical -all 4 sides with identical porches in shape of temple fronts-from ancient literary sources led to his belief that Roman private houses hadporticos -porches lend an air of serene dignity and festive grace -facade of S. Giorgio Maggiore-problem of creating a classically integrated facade for a basilican churchProto- BaroqueVignola and della porta- (1507-1573), Italian architect, born in Vignola as GiacomoIl Gesu- a church in Rome, influenced the development of baroque church architecture in Europe- assisted Michelangelo for St. Peter's- aisles have been replaced by chapels- one large, hall-like view of the altar- audience is positively directed toward altar and pulpit- dim illumination in nave and abundant light with large windows in drum of dome- light has been conciously explosive for expressive possibilities- paired pilasters with four pairs of supports on buttresses- gave vertical rhythm to both stories of the facades- rhythm is obeyed by all horizontal members- freed from classical scruples by allegiance to Michelangelo- main portal is double framed with two pediments resting on coupled pilasters and columns- not since gothic arch. Has been so dramatic- suggest its seminal importance for future and special place in relation to th...
