sforzandos. More variety and contrast. Like texture and rhythm, dynamics become an integral part of 20th Century music. Complete contrasts. Timbre Use of contrasts (especially concertos) of few instruments against many. Harpsichord. Piano revolutionises keyboards. Orchestra divided into four distinct sections. Rapid advance of technology. Electric instruments, synthesisers, computer-produced sounds etc. Contrasts of Elements between:Bach: Concerto no. 5 Mozart: Piano Concerto 1st Movement No. 23 in A Bartok: Concerto for Orchestra 1st Movement Bach Mozart Bartok Structure Fugal ritornello. One of the very earliest keyboard concertos. Has a length cadenza before the final tutti of the first movement. Concerto. Sonata form. Linked by clever passages like scales and arpeggios or orchestral tutti. Very subtle relationship between piano and orchestra. Concerto: First movement. Sonata form with slow introduction. Introduction, exposition, development, recapitulation and coda. Rhythm Pulsing. Very straight. Lyrical. Quite clear cut. Only minims are dotted. Complicated rhythms. Strong and driving Fundamental element of Concerto. Style Baroque. Early keyboard concerto. No introduction. Classical with a hint of romanticism. Symphonic. Contrasting balance of keys and thematic material. 20th Century. Elements of Serialism. Atonal. Tempo Allegro. A crotchet =200. Lilting and quite fast although it sounds quite relaxed. Begins slowly. Accompaniment in low strings gradually speeded up to launch first subject of allegro. There is a return to the tempo of the second subject in the development. Texture Polyphonic. In the solo sections there is the soloist and orchestral backing. Harpsichord provides a continuo harmony when not playing solo. Tutti quite full with piano accompanying softly underneath. Then orchestration is often quite sparse with solo as a musical conversation takes place. Polyphony, at times monophony. Cellos and double basses ...
