ever done without errorF. Opera 1. Composed 17 in 17862. Between 1780-90 conducted 1,026 operas3. Grew sick of operaG. Conducted from clavier1. Last appearance in 1803 as conductorD. MozartA. ProdigyB. Ability to embellish or improve conductors ideasC. Gifted conductor1. Took charge of orchestras from age 122. Conducted from clavier3. In youth was a violin conductora. Expert violinistb. Demanded by his fatherc. Declared himself independent of violin conducting at 22.D. First great conductor1. Beat time and worked from full-score2. Eventually had someone else at keyboard while he beat timeE. BeethovenA. One of worst conductors in history1. Refused to bow to his deafness2. Could not easily get along with people3. Was absent mindeda. Forget to take rehearsal repeatsb. Forget he was soloistc.Forget he was conductor-totally taken away by the musicB. Physically involved in the music1. Would crouch low for pianissimo Chapter VI. The Arrival of the StickI.IntroductionA.Conducting 1.Need for a simple controlling force2. Fun poked at old way of conductingB.Leadership divided among conductor, piano, and violinist1.2 or 3 men stomped beat2.Loud and confusing3.Leading violinist would stop and beat time with bowC. Batons1. Foot long roll of paper first used2. Idea of modern baton adopted by Johann Fredrich Reichardt3. Spohr also one of first batonistsII. SpohrA. Introduced modern baton to Europe1. Took this step in 18172. Conducting easier and silentB. First to use reference numbers and letters in score1. Previously had no way to isolate specific measureIII. ConclusionA. Trial and error with new conductorB. Physical location of conductor not determined1. Some faced the audience2. Some stood to left of orchestraC. Experimentation with batonD. Beat pattern being stabilizedChapter IX. Hector BerliozI.Berlioz as a conductorA. Was first maestro who was neither a pianist or violinistB. Part of the trinity upon which modern conducting basedC. Admired by m...
