is math the most abstract, basic and simple, 2nd astronomy, 3rd physics, 4th chemistry, 5th biology, 6th sociology and each one needs the previous one).-‘Karl Max’ said that the science change the society, and cannot be neural and the scientist must know how to change the society.-In the first half of the 20th century other philosophers try to find the political question in the science and they try to find exact method and basis of science out of political questions in two different ways: phenomenism, logical positivism.-Phenomemalism: is one kind of empiricism, this approach tries to reduce all philosophical tasks to description of any phenomenon.-We have 2 kinds of phenomenalism: 1st Agnosticism: agnostic philosophers (Kant, Huxley, Spencer) said we cannot know everything that exist. 2nd Sensualism: sensualist philosophers (Hume, Hill, Russell) said there is existence only what is experienced from as.-They try to define the thing (object of knowing): Hill said that think is a continuous possibility of the sense, and Russell said that think is only a classification of the given phenomena.-The main principles of phenomenalism: i. The most important basis of our understanding is phenomena, ii. all human knowledge should be reduced back to sensual experience, iii. all human knowledge came from sense or some conclusion came from sense, iv. we can’t make conclusions about unexperienced thinks from experience, v. right scientifical conclusion never talk about reality but talk about hypothetical sensual data.-John Stuart name those data Possible sense, Russell name them sensibility.-Phenomenalism try to describe natural and social science and find a method for all the kind of phenomena.-1st famous philosopher ‘Dielthey’ (German) he establish the phenomenalism which he tried to understand the structure of understanding and discover historical cultural paradigmas for it. He also said human understanding must follo...
