lications with the interaction of a normal peer. Unfortunately, there have not been enough studies to isolate what aspects of this rehabilitation are most effective. With doctor, bills and the everyday cost of living a family may suffer financial difficulties. In comparison to other medical conditions, Brain Injury has one of the highest incident rates and cost rates. Table 1Estimated annual costs for all conditions includes medical costs and indirect costs associated with death and loss of income #ConditionIncidenceDeathsCostBrain Injury2 million100,000$25 billionStroke2.6 million145,000$25 billionSpinal Cord Injury10,000unknown$8 billionCancer1.1 million510,000$104 billionAIDS50,00026,000$15 billionThe cost of TBI care in the United States is estimated to be $48.3 billion annually. Hospitalization accounts for $31.7 billion (Lewin, 1992).TBIs have numerous influences on a person whether it is cognitive, physical or/and emotionally. A study done by the NIH (National Institutes of Health) illustrates the cognitive consequences of a person that has sustained a TBI:Cognitive consequences of TBI have most persistent problems include memory impairment and difficulties in attention and concentration. Deficits in language use and visual perception are common. Frontal lobe functions, such as executive skills of problem solving, abstract reasoning, insight, judgment, planning information processing, and organization. Common behavioral deficits include decreased ability to initiate responses, verbal and physical aggression, agitation, learning difficulties, shallow self-awareness, altered sexual functions, impulsivity, and social disinheriting. Mood disorders, personality changes, altered emotional control, depression, and anxiety are also prevalent after TBI. (P.8)A person with TBI is at higher risk to fail in everyday relationships or tasks. According to the National Institute of Head Injury, Social consequences of mild, moderate and ...
