l use force to get the child to do what is expected. Baumrinds (1991) study describes authoritative parents as both demanding and responsive. The parents set reasonable limits for the children and expect them to follow through, but will also listen to the childs concerns. They express warm feelings toward the child and are patient. Both parent and child gets to have a say in matters. Unresponsive/uninvolved parents are low in both responsiveness and demandingness. They may reject the child. They do not show any effort beyond what is needed to take care of the childs basic needs. If this parenting style is extreme it is considered child neglect. Children of authoritative parents usually have the most desirable profiles. They are generally friendly with peers, independent, have a high degree of self-control, and work well with adults. They have more self-confidence when attempting new tasks. They also tend to have more self-control. Children of authoritarian parents tend to act out aggressively and display disruptive behaviors. Bierman, Lengua, McMahon, and Stormshak (2000) found that parenting styles that included yelling/ nagging were associated with all types of disruptive behavior problems and children of parents who showed little affection were prone to oppositional behaviors. Children of permissive parents tend to be immature. The children tend to be dependent and demanding of adults. They may become involved with drugs asadolescents. They usually have poor self-control and lack good judgment. The parents have not expected anything of the children so they do not aspire to much later on. Punishment is defined as the application of a negative stimulus to reduce or eliminate a behavior. There are two types typically used with children: punishment involving verbal reprimands and disapproval and punishment involving physical pain, as in corporal punishment. Corporal punishment involves the appli...
