e and raised children, cooked and cleaned. Rousseau philosophy was naturalism. Pestalozzi (1746-1827) studied Rousseau and put his work into practice. He himself had an unhappy childhood. SO he decided to make children’s lives better. He took abandoned children and made a school but it failed. After he got married he tried again and this time succeeded. His aim of education was unfolding natural tendencies latent in the individual. Education is for the individual society, he did not believe in running away from society. His methodology was since of perception. Sense of perception is the basis to all knowledge, and you learn through your experiences. Your past experience is how you see things. It begins with experience of phenomenon then follows by analysis. What the child knows form the past he considers. He taught realistic context, when you are teaching use things that happened in real life. Another method he used was concrete, something that can’t be changed, like apples tables, and chairs when counting. Object lesson’s like cats, dogs. Direct experiences, this worked well especially for little children. Another was activity, do not tell students show them. He also believed discipline should be out of love, and nurture. In 1820 Dr. Horris Mann introduced the normal school. This was a school for training teachers. Then came Edward Sheldon he was a superintendent in Oswego. Sheldon established a normal school in Oswego in 1861. In 1865 the N.E.A. found this to be good and established them all over America. Fredrick Froebel (1782-1852) was the founder of kindergarten. His philosophy and aim of education was developing the inner capability through enfoldment to develop the child. His methodology was 1. for children to learn by doing activities, 2. playing is a natural tendency of a child and should be organized, 3. the classroom is a social environment , children should learn to coope...
