us Valley civilization. The beginning of the Shang Dynasty in China. 2040-1640 BC - The Middle Kingdom. 1550-1070 BC - The New Kingdom. People from Palestine settle there. 1200 BC - Aryans in India. 1140 BC - First Phoenician colony in Africa at Utica. 1116 BC - Assyrians conquer Babylon. 1000 BC - Rig Veda compiled in India. 800 BC - Development of India’s caste system. 752 BC - Foundation of Rome. 612 BC - End of Assyrian empire. 563 BC - Birth of Buddha. 551 BC - Birth of Confucius. 507 BC - Democracy is established in Athens. 279 BC - Asoka founds the first Indian Empire. 27 BC - Augustus becomes the first Roman Emperor. 306 AD - Constantine I becomes the emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. 320 AD - Chandragupta founds the Gupta dynasty in India. 324 AD - Constantine reunites the Roman Empire. 330 AD - Constantine founds Constantinople, on the sight of the Greek city of Byzantium, as the capital of his empire (Istanbul). 1.7 Points To Remember History : Meaning and Importance History is the account of events narrated in a chronological order, and deal with the past of mankind. It connects the past with the present and shows the way to the future. Pre-historic Period This is the period for which written historical records are not found. It is divided into the Stone, the Bronze and the Iron Age. Early Civilizations Civilizations imply the progress of mankind in all fields. They occurred mainly due to the flourishing of peoples around the rivers: Tigris, Euphrates, Indus and the Nile. Egyptian - the earliest known civilization Mesopotamia - This ’Fertile Crescent’ became a melting pot of cultures of mainly the Sumerians, the Babylonians, the Assyrians and the Chaldeans, which made various contributions. Phoenicians They served as a link between the Egyptians and the Babylonians, thus connecting the east to the west. Hebrews They are credited with having given the world spiritual philosophies upon which Judaism...
