key requirement, the ability to store and manipulate symbols. Newell and Simon now propose a complete definition of a physical symbol system. It is first explained that the system obeys the laws of physics and are made of engineered components. It is also noted that the system is not restricted to human symbol systems. Newell and Simon state the a physical symbol system is comprised of a set a entities, which are called symbols. These symbols are physical patterns which make up other entities called expressions.(Newell & Simon, 85). A system also contains what is called, processes or rules. These processes act on the expressions to produce other expressions. The processes can be broken down to four categories; the process of creation, modification, reproduction, and destruction. To pull this together, a physical symbol system contains two parts, symbols and expressions, and processes that act upon the symbols and expressions.Newell and Simon give five rules that designate a physical symbol system. First is that a symbol can represent any expression whatsoever. Second is the designation of expressions to cover all processes that a machine can perform. Third, there are processes for creating and modifying any expression. Forth, once the expressions are created they will continue to exits until they are modified or removed. There final rule is that the number of expressions contained in a system is limitless. (Newell & Simon, 87).It is from this that Newell and Simon are able to formulate their hypothesis which states, "A physical symbol system has the necessary and sufficient means for general intelligent action."(Newell & Simon, 87). They are quick to point out that the hypothesis is a law a qualitative structure. It is a means to produce a class of systems capable ascribing intelligent action.Part 4: Analysis of the Text's ArgumentI would like to first propose some criticisms to the physical symbol system. My first criti...
